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Education

  • Ph.D. from University of Rochester

Research Interests

  • National Socialism
  • Anti-Semitism
  • World War II
  • War and Society
  • Totalitarianism
  • European Popular Culture

Selected Publications

Books

  • The Habsburg Legacy, 1867-1939, Robert E. Krieger Publishing, 1977.
  • Hahnenschwanz und Hakenkreuz: Steirischer Heimatschutz und Österreicher Nationalsozialismus, 1918-1934. Vienna: Europa Verlag, 1972.
  • Hitler and the Forgotten Nazis: A History of Austrian National Socialism. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1981.
  • Der Weg in den Nationalsozialismus: Urspruenge und Entwicklung In Oesterreich. Vienna: Bundesverlag, 1988.
  • From Prejudice to Persecution: A History of Austrian Anti-Semitism. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1992.
  • Eine Geschte des Österreichischen Antisemitismus: Von der Ausgrenzung AuslÖschung. Vienna: Verlag Kremayr & Scheriau, 1993.
  • Hitler, Stalin, and Mussolini: Totalitarianism in the Twentieth Century. Wheeling, Ill: Harlan Davidson, Inc, 1997.

Articles In Edited Works

  • “Nazis and Heimwehr Fascists: the Struggle for Austria, 1918-1938,” in Who Were the Fascists? Social Roots of European Fascism, New York: Columbia University Press, 1980, 226-238.
  • “The Social and Economic Background of Austria ‘s Lebensunfähigkeit,” in The Socialist Experiment: Social Democracy and Austromarxism, 1918-1934, Boulder and London: Westview Press, 1985, 21-37.
  • “The Austrian Nazi Party before 1938: Some New Revelations,” in Conquering the Past: Austrian Nazism Yesterday and Today, Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1988, 34-56.
  • “Politischer Antisemitismus in Wien in der Zwischenkriegszeit,” in Eine ZerstÖrte Kultur: Jüdisches Leben und Antisemitismus in Wien seit dem 19. Jahrhundert, Büchloe: Druck und Verlag Obermayer, 1990, 221-46; 389-393.
  • “Bemerkungen zu dem Beitrag von Gerhard Jagschitz,” in Österreich, Deutschland und die Mächte: Internationale und Österreichische Aspekte des “Anschlusses” vom März 1938. Vienna: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1990, 271-76.
  • “Anti-Semitism and the Austrian Nazi Party,” in Austria in the Thirties: Culture and Politics, Riverside, Cal.: Ariadne Press, 1991, 25-47.
  • “Political Antisemitism in Interwar Vienna,” in Jews, Antisemitism and Culture in Vienna, London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1987, 153-173, 268-275.
  • “Prelude to Anschluss: the Great War and the Shattered International and Domestic Consensus,” in Austria, 1938-1988: Anschluss and Fifty Years, Riverside, Cal: Ariadne Press, 1995, 57-70.
  • “Prelude to Disaster: The Evolution of Austrian Fascism,” in On the Origin and Evolution of European Fascism, Claremont, Cal: the Family of Benjamin Z. Gould Center for Humanistic Studies, 1995, 43-58.
  • “Austria,” in The World Reacts to the Holocaust, 1945-1990, Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press, 1996, 383-420.
  • “Some Reflections on Austrian Anti-Semitism,” in Essays in European History, Lanham, Md: University Press of America, 1996, 137-149.
  • “The Austrian Press and the Third Reich: Contradictory Views from a Neighbor,” in Journalism and the Holocaust, New York: Yeshiva University Press, 2003.

Articles

  • “The Patchwork Treaties: St. Germain and Trianon Reconsidered.” The Rocky Mountain Social Science Journal, Vol. 9, No. 2, 1972, 62-69.
  • “The Fascist Resistance: Anti-Nazism in Austria before the Anschluss.” Transactions: Conference Group for Social and Administrative History, Vol. 4, 1974, 40-72.
  • “A Case Study in Fascism: The Styrian Heimatschutz and Austrian National Socialism.” Austrian History Yearbook, Vol.s 12-13, 1976-1977, 251-281.
  • “From Splinter Party to Mass Movement: The Austrian Nazi Breakthrough.” German Studies Review, Vol. 2, No. 1, 1979, 7-29.
  • “Fascism and the Führerprinzip: the Austrian Example.” Central European History, Vol. 12, No. 2, 1979, 272-296.
  • “In the Shadow of Death: Austrian Jews and the Nazi Threat.” Shofar, Vol. 5, No. 3, 1987, 28-43.
  • “The United States and the ‘Jewish Question’ In Austria.” Leo Baeck Institute Year Book, Vol. 37, 1992, 481-496.
  • “Bibliographical Essay: Books on Austrian Anti-Semitism in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries.” Leo Baeck Institute Year Book, Vol. 38, 1993, 409-423.

Honors & Awards

  • The Charles Smith Award, European Section of the Southern Historical Association, 1993
  • Best Book Prize, Austrian Cultural Institute, 1994